Consumer Law is a branch of law designed to protect consumers from unfair business practices, fraud, defective products, and unethical conduct by businesses. It ensures that consumers have rights when purchasing goods and services and that businesses operate fairly.

Key Aspects of Consumer Law
Consumer Rights – Protects basic rights such as:

The right to safety (protection from harmful products).

The right to be informed (truthful advertising and labeling).

The right to choose (access to a variety of products at fair prices).

The right to be heard (consumer complaints must be addressed).

Product Liability – Holds manufacturers and sellers accountable for defective or unsafe products that cause harm to consumers.

Fair Trade Practices – Prohibits misleading advertising, false claims, and unfair pricing.

Consumer Contracts – Ensures contracts are fair, clear, and free from deceptive terms.

Refund and Return Policies – Defines conditions under which consumers can return faulty or unsatisfactory products.

Credit and Lending Protection – Regulates fair lending practices, interest rates, and prevents predatory lending.

Online Shopping and E-Commerce Laws – Protects consumers from fraud, data breaches, and unfair digital marketing tactics.

Dispute Resolution – Provides mechanisms like consumer courts, ombudsmen, and regulatory agencies to resolve complaints.

Consumer Protection Agencies
Different countries have agencies that enforce consumer laws, such as:

Federal Trade Commission (FTC) – USA

Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) – UK

Consumer Protection Act (CPA) – India

European Consumer Organisation (BEUC) – EU

These laws ensure that businesses follow ethical practices and consumers receive fair treatment in the marketplace.